「教育的未來(Did you know)」這部短片曾經在台灣轟動一時,製作人是美國公立高中Arapahoe的科技中心負責人Karl Fisch。這個短片其實是純文字的簡報檔,動態播出,毫無噱頭而內容卻極為震撼人心。譬如,該短片提到:「2010年最熱門的十大工作在2004年時還不存在」,「我們必須教導現在的學生,畢業後投入目前還不存在的工作,使用還沒被發明的技術,解決迄今尚未被發現的問題。」這個挑戰很少有老師知道該怎麼因應,更別說是在學的學生或剛畢業的年輕人。這個聳人聽聞的挑戰,乍看似乎是未來絕不可避免的事實,其實卻是充分利用了製作者、傳播者和觀眾的錯覺。
Karl Fisch 的數據之所以嚇人,是誤導讀者進入一個錯誤的想像:他假定高中生在2004年到2010年之間像睡美人一樣地中斷生活與學習,因此他在2004年所學的高一課程內容,就是他在2010年進入頂尖企業工作時所需要的專業知識。這個想像中完全忽略一個事實:2004年入學的高中生未來七年將持續地學習,跟隨著產業變化的腳步而累積新知識,並且在這過程中逐漸縮小學校知識跟產業需求間的落差。
因此,高中教師只要把基礎物理、化學與數學教好,頂多再教會學生基本的電腦程式寫作能力,讓他們畢業時銜接得上大學的課程就頂夠了。至於「我們必須教導現在的學生,畢業後投入目前還不存在的工作,使用還沒被發明的技術,解決迄今尚未被發現的問題」,這根本不是事實――頂多只不過是 Karl Fisch 過度自我膨脹的杞人憂天罷了。
Karl Fisch第二個重大的錯誤在於:誤把資訊當知識。雖然「Google每個月要處理27 億次的搜尋」,但是其中絕大部分是資訊(一週天氣預測、台北美食推薦等),而非知識。「我們每天傳輸的簡訊數量已經超越全球總人口數」,但是妳所需要知道的就只不過是傳到妳手機上的那幾則而已(我每個月收不到五則)。「現在英文字彙的總數大約是莎士比亞時代的五倍」,但是其中絕大多數是特定專業領域內的術語,只要你不在那一行,就不需要知道。
Several folks have asked for just the text of the Did You Know presentation. You can find it below. The original presentation (http://thefischbowl.blogspot.com/2006/08/did-you-know.html) includes slides at the beginning that are specific to my school. (You can also find sources for the information and the original context of the presentation there.)
6. AHS has a wireless network running right now (802.11 a/b/g).
7. District wireless devices have full access to the network (Internet, file servers, and printing).
8. Anybody’s 802.11 a/b/g device has access to the Internet (but not file servers or printers).
*Scott’s version starts here.
9. Did you know . . .
10. Sometimes size does matter.
11. If you’re one in a million in China . . .
12. There are 1,300 people just like you.
13. In India, there are 1,100 people just like you.
14. The 25% of the population in China with the highest IQ’s . . .
15. Is greater than the total population of North America.
16. In India, it’s the top 28%.
17. Translation for teachers: They have more honors kids than we have kids.
18. Did you know . . .
19. China will soon become the number one English speaking country in the world.
20. If you took every single job in the U.S. today and shipped it to China . . .
21. China would still have a labor surplus.
22. During the course of this 8 minute presentation . . .
23. 60 babies will be born in the U.S. 244 babies will be born in China
. 351 babies will be born in India.
24. The U.S. Department of Labor estimates that today’s learner will have 10-14 jobs . . .
25. By the age of 38.
26. According to the U.S. Department of Labor . . .
27. 1 out of 4 workers today is working for a company they have been employed by for less than one year.
28. More than 1 out of 2 are working for a company they have worked for for less than five years.
29. According to former Secretary of Education Richard Riley . . .
30. The top 10 in-demand jobs in 2010 didn’t exist in 2004.
31. We are currently preparing students for jobs that don’t yet exist . . .
32. Using technologies that haven’t been invented . . .
33. In order to solve problems we don’t even know are problems yet.
34. Name this country . . .
35. Richest in the World
Largest Military
Center of world business and finance
Strongest education system
World center of innovation and invention
Currency the world standard of value
Highest standard of living
36. England.
37. In 1900.
38. Did you know . . .
39. The U.S.
is 20th in the world in broadband Internet penetration.
(Luxembourg just passed us.)
40. In 2002 alone Nintendo invested more than $140 million in research and development.
41. The U.S. Federal Government spent less than half as much on Research and Innovation in Education.
42. 1 out of every 8 couples married in the U.S. last year met online.
43. There are over 100 million registered users of MySpace.(August 2006)
*Scott updated to 106 million for September 2006 and added this slide:
If MySpace were a country, it would be the 11th-largest in the world (between Japan and Mexico)*
44. The average MySpace page is visited 30 times a day.
45. Did you know . . .
46. We are living in exponential times.
47. There are over 2.7 billion searches performed on Google each month.
48. To whom were these questions addressed B.G.?
(Before Google)
49. The number of text messages sent and received every day exceeds the population of the planet.
50. There are about 540,000 words in the English language . . .
51. About 5 times as many as during Shakespeare’s time.
52. More than 3,000 new books are published . . .
53. Daily.
54. It’s estimated that a week’s worth of New York Times . . .
55. Contains more information than a person was likely to come across in alifetime in the 18th century.
56. It’s estimated that 40 exabytes (that’s 4.0 x 1019) of unique new information will be generated worldwide this year.
57. That’s estimated to be more than in the previous 5,000 years.
58. The amount of new technical information is doubling every 2 years.
59. It’s predicted to double every 72 hours by 2010.
60. Third generation fiber optics has recently been separately tested by NEC and Alcatel . . .
61. That pushes 10 trillion bits per second down one strand of fiber.
62. That’s 1,900 CDs or 150 million simultaneous phone calls every second.
63. It’s currently tripling about every 6 months and is expected to do so for at least the next 20 years.
64. The fiber is already there, they’re just improving the switches on the ends. Which means the marginal cost of these improvements is effectively $0.
65. Predictions are that e-paper will be cheaper than real paper.
66. 47 million laptops were shipped worldwide last year.
67. The $100 laptop project is expecting to ship between 50 and 100 million laptops a year to children in underdeveloped countries.
68. Predictions are that by 2013 a supercomputer will be built that exceeds the computation capability of the Human Brain . . .
69. By 2023, a $1,000 computer will exceed the computation capability of the Human Brain . . .
70. First grader Abby will be just 23 years old and beginning her (first) career . . .
71. And while technical predictions further out than about 15 years are hard to do . . .
72. Predictions are that by 2049 a $1,000 computer will exceed the computational capabilities of the human race.